Aggregates are end product on their own and also used as the raw material in concrete mixtures. Fineness modulus specifies how much fine aggregate is required in a given mix design. It also effects pumpability, and durability of concrete. Basic properties of concrete with recycled concrete aggregate. Organic impurities are the only concern in fine aggregates. The aggregates are usually washed and graded at the pit or plant. Recycled concrete as aggregate for structural concrete. The effects of aggregates characteristics on the performance of portland cement concrete by pedro nel quiroga and david w. Aggregates types of aggregates coarse aggregate, fine. Recycled concrete is a viable source of aggregate and has been satisfactorily used in granular subbases, soilcement, and in new concrete. Finegrade concrete resurfacer description concrete renew fine is a onecomponent, polymermodified cementitious material for the resurfacing of existing concrete. Tr 111 introduction these methods of test are designed to determine the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregates. In order to foster the use of larger amounts of recycled aggregates ras in concrete, knowledge of the effect of. How coarse aggregate affects mix design of concrete.
Physical properties of aggregates 10 fine aggregate angularity measured on 2. Properties of concrete with recycled concrete aggregate. Natural sand is generally used as fine aggregate, silt, stone dust and clay also come under this category. Aggregate produced from rock, gravel, metallurgical slag or suitable synthetic materials may be used provided the particular criteria set out for the aggregate is met. Properties of concrete with plastic waste as aggregate. Its properties such as strength, maximum size, shape, and water absorption influence water demand, the quantity of cement and fine aggregate in concrete mixture.
Developing concrete using sea shell as a fine aggregate. The maximum aggregate size was 6 mm, fine aggregate content 015% of the. Fine aggregate is on of the major constituents of concrete which can influence concrete mix design substantially. The maximum aggregate size was 6 mm, fine aggregate content 015% of the total aggregate, binder opc and silica content 80800 kg m. Natural or river sand is the most commonly used fine aggregate in the production of concrete. Ian sims, bev brown, in leas chemistry of cement and concrete fourth edition, 1998. Fine aggregate content is usually 35% to 45% by mass or volume of the total aggregate content. The chloride content in reinforced concrete according to various codes has been evaluated the chloride removal method have been studied.
The absence of coarse aggregate crushed stone or gravel substantially facilitates the preparation, transport, and placing of. Fineaggregate concrete is used in highway and airfield construction because of the high tensile strength that results from its finegrained structure. They used the plastic place of fine aggregates as well as coarse aggregates in proportion of 10%. Coarse aggregate is one of the essential components of concrete and occupies the largest volume in the mix. Ramalingam 19 studied on partial replacement of fine aggregate by granite powder in concrete and found that 40% of the fine aggregate can be replaced with granite powder. That is why it greatly affects the concrete mix design. Aggregates are the major component of any concrete it constitutes about 7080% of the volume of concrete following are the reasons why aggregates are used in concrete 1 they are easily available and they are economical as compared to cement 2 ag. An investigation into the use of manufactured sand as a. The effect of very fine aggregate on the water requirement and strength evolution of superplasticized concrete was studied. Fine aggregate for use in concrete that will be subject to wetting, extended exposure to humid atmosphere, or contact with moist ground shall not contain any materials that are deleteriously reactive with the alkalis in the cement in amount sufficient to cause excessive expansion of mortar or concrete.
Pdf effect of very fine aggregate on concrete strength. The effects of aggregate characteristics on the performance of portland cement concrete sponsored by the. Sand, gravel or crushed stone are the essential ingredients in the concrete mix and account approximately 60% to 75% of the total volume of the concrete. Increasing population, expanding urbanization, climbing way of life due to technological innovations has demanded a huge amount of natural resources in the construction industry, which has resulted in scarcity of resources. It allows a variety of finishing options, including broom finishes and decorative trowel finishes, on sidewalks. Coarse and fine aggregate for concrete specification see other formats ebsbli % f. From the environment point of view, the huge extraction of the aggregate creates depletion and manufacturing of. Physical properties of aggregates rowan university. To avoid lumps of fine aggregate classified as large particles and also to prevent clogging of the finer sieves the aggregates should be dried before screening. River sand has been the most popular choice for the fine aggregate component of concrete in the past, but overuse of the material has led to environmental concerns, the depleting of. Astm c 33c33m08 specification for concrete aggregates. Aggregate fine a natural or manufactured sand having hard, clean, durable, uncoated particles used as a component in mortar mixes, concrete, hot mix asphalt, or used loose for drainage, etc. Fowler the university of texas at austin austin, texas report icar 1041f project number 104 research project title.
The purpose of the fine aggregate is to fill the voids in the coarse aggregate and to act as a. To improve the workability, many mixes contain both angular and round particles. Concrete is a mixture of cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, which is mainly derived from natural resources. Fine aggregate is the essential ingredient in concrete that consists of natural sand or crushed stone. In the present work, literature on the use of sea sand as replacement of fine aggregate has been studied. Types of aggregates include coarse aggregate and fine aggregate. Radhika and bramhini 17 have studied the utilization of construction and demolition waste. Crushed aggregate is produced by crushing quarry rock, boulders, cobbles, or largesize gravel. The limitations on the amount of organic impurities allowed in fine aggregates. Use of plastic aggregates in concrete international journal of. A typical consensus specification for fine and coarse aggregate for concrete is astm c 33. Grading is the particlesize distribution of an aggregate as determined by a sieve analysis using wire mesh sieves with square openings.
Manual of aggregate quality test procedures april 16, 2019 hard copies uncontrolled page 4 of 82 this page. Note 1this sample preparation method is not applicable when performing a sieve. If grading of aggregate is varied, it also changes cement paste content cost economy, workability of the mix. On the other hand, compressive strength of ss450 concrete. Why use aggregate reduce the cost of the concrete 14 18 of the cement price reduce thermal cracking 100 kg of opc produces about 12oc temperature rise reduces shrinkage 10% reduction in aggregate volume can double shrinkage high aggregate. Fineness modulus of fine aggregate txdot designation. Various factors such as fine aggregate fineness modulus, moisture content, specific gravity, and silt content affect the mix proportions of concrete. Aggregate is a granular material, such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed hydrauliccement concrete, or iron blastfurnace slag, used with a hydraulic cementing medium to produce either concrete or mortar. Pdf using of waste glass as fine aggregate in concrete. Synthetic aggregates may be either byproducts of an industrial process, in the case of blastfurnace slag, or products of processes developed to manufacture aggregates with special. Aggregate concrete an overview sciencedirect topics. The crushed stone or crushed gravel aggregate make the asphalt or concrete mix somewhat difficult to place.
Aggregate is the granular material used to produce concrete or mortar and when the particles of the granular material are so fine that they pass through a 4. Fine aggregate sand cement concrete using sea sand can reach 30 35 nmm2 was. The concrete mixtures incorporate either basalt or crushed limestone, aggregate sizes of 12 mm h in. Effects of aggregate properties on concrete size, grading.
The present investigation was carried out to study the possibility of using waste glass of size up to 5mm as a fine aggregate in concrete and mortar. The quality and fine aggregate density strongly influence the hardened properties of the concrete the concrete or mortar mixture can be made more durable, stronger and cheaper if you made the selection of fine aggregate on basis of grading zone, particle shape and surface texture, abrasion. The fine aggregate specific gravity and absorption for mineral aggregates used in. The coarse aggregate particles are usually crushed stone or crushed gravel, and the fine aggregate particles are usually natural sand. Pdf the effect of very fine aggregate on the water requirement and strength evolution of superplasticized concrete was studied. If the sample of the fine aggregate tested fails, the concrete shall be made with the use of the same fine aggregate and tested for. Aggregates for concrete the importance of using the right type and quality of aggregates cannot be overemphasized. No restrictions are placed on organic impurities in fine aggregate for use in other types of construction. The compressive strength of highstrength concrete containing limestone is not affected by. Aggregates for use in concrete 2 learning objective develop a basic understanding of aggregates and aggregate properties. The important characteristics of aggregates for concrete are listed in table. Aggregates for concrete as per american standards astm pdf.
A shaker is usually used for the shaking operation. As discussed earlier, the grading of the fine aggregate is an important factor that influences the performance of concrete, therefore all fine aggregates were tested for particle size distribution according to bs en 9331. Sieve analysis of fine and coarse aggregate dotd designation. Suitability of scoria as fine aggregate and its effect on. The data developed indicate that for a given fine aggregate, as the sand equivalent value changes from 60 to 80, the concrete properties will exhibit the following changes. The fine aggregate shall be subjected to 5 cycles of the soundness test, which shall have a weighted average loss not higher than 10% and 15% when sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate are used respectively. Coarse aggregate may be available in several different size groups, such as 19 to 4. This automatically creates a huge demand for ingredient of concrete fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and cement. More performance tests are also used to test aggregates in concrete. Fineaggregate concrete article about fineaggregate. Variation in the size of aggregates changes the water demand, cement content, microcracking strength in concrete.
The objective of any concrete aggregate processing operation should be the production of goodquality, clean coarse and fine materials in the normal range of sizes. The fine and coarse aggregates generally occupy 60% to 75% of the concrete volume 70% to 85% by mass and strongly influ ence the concrete s freshly mixed and hardened proper ties, mixture proportions, and economy. The effects of aggregate type, size, and content on the behavior of normal and highstrength concrete, and the relationships between compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture energy are discussed. The mix of coarse and fine particles within the material being tested, in conjunction. Fine recycled aggregate was not considered for rac production because its application in structural concrete is generally not recommended 36. Concrete is the most popular building material in the world.